Work surfacing mechanism



March 19, 1940. L. v. CASTO El AL WORK SURFACING MECHANISM OriginalFiled Nov'. 2, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 NNQ 9% NON mN\ March 19, 1940.

L. V. CASTO ET AL WORK SURFACING MECHANISM Original Filed NOV. 2, 1936 6Sheets-Sheet 5 WNW 5 4 m M w M MN flu Z -swmw m m MMW \N bs ru W kw fiwwwwm \TNQ 950M m March 19, 1940. v. cAsTo El AL 2,193,900

WORK SURFACING MECHANISM Original Filed Nov. 2, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 4AY/ORNEYS March 19, 1940. L. v. cAsTo ET AL WORK SURFACING MECHANISM sSheets-Sheet 6 Original Filed Nov. 2, 1936 IN VENTORE LLOYD V C457060/00 vo/y WEBER/Y,

ED146420 W. Harm/v7 M/ OEV/LLE D Aim 4' 64174 W 7% TTORNEYS PatentedMar. 19, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WORK SURFACING llECHANISMOriginal application November 2, 1936, Serial Divided and thisapplication September 4, 1931, Serial No. 162,534

5 Claims. (01. 90-11) This application is a continuation in part of ourapplication, Serial No. 38,358, filed August 29, 1935, and a division ofour application Serial No. 108,698, filed November 2, 1936 whichapplications became Patents Nos. 2,096,730 and 2,096,731 on the 26th dayof October, 1937. The invention relates to a work-treating machine; theexamples shown being for effecting surfacing operations on articles ofmanufacture, and, specifically, abrading or otherwise cutting orresurfacing of objects such as frames for windows etc.

The general object is to provide an improved machine of the type aboveindicated.

A further object is to provide an improved machine for surfacing objectssuch as frames or, generally, articles having portions which extend atan angle to each other connected by a curved portion, wherein thesurfacing operation may be effected continuously from one such portionto others.

A further'object is to provide an improved arrangement for presentingwork, such as frame stock, to a surfacing tool.

A further object is to provide an improved means for steadying a frameor the like while moving it in its principal plane in presenting all thedesired surface portions to a tool.

A further object is to provide an improved tool-supporting head, whichmay be operated to present a tool or tools in a great variety ofselected relationships to the work.

Still another object is to provide a work 'treating machine which willoperate automatically and continuously on work having portions extendingat an angle to each other'connected by a curve.

Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent fromthe following description relating to the accompanying drawings, showingpreferred arrangements. The essential novel characteristics aresummarized in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. l is a side ele- .vation of the machine,upper tubular housing portions for drive shafts being broken away incentral longitudinal section with respect to the axes of the shafting;Fig. 2 is a transverse fragmentary sectional view, taken substantiallyalong the line 22 on Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view, takensubstantially along the line 3-3 on Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional planview of a worksupporting table, as indicated by the lines 4-4 on Fig. 1;Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of a corner portion of a workholder; Fig. 6is a sectional plan view, showing a driving mechanism adapted for usewith one form of tool, the plane of the section being indicated by theline 6-6 on Fig. 2; Fig. '7 is a fragmentary, central sectional view ina vertical plane of clutching mechanism, shown also in Fig. 1; Fig. 8 isa view similar to Fig. 2, showing a modified form of tool drive, andFig. 9 is also a view similar to Fig. 2, showing another form of tooland modified driving means therefor.

General arrangement Referring first to the mechanism shown in Figs. 1 to7, inclusive, and first to Figs. 1 and 2, a base or supporting frameworkfor the mechanism is shown at III, provided with a bed or table H. Oneside portion only of the supporting framework is shown, namely, thefront side, and this may be duplicated by similar framework at the backof the machine. The uprights of the frame are cross-braced and connectedby members such as l2 and I3, one of each being shown. Securedto theframe I0, at the right, as shown in Fig. 1, and rising thereabove is acolumn ll supporting a super-structure indicated generally at ii. Theframe l0 and the column I may rest on a common base plate I, and thecolumn may be connected additionally to the framework II] as by abracket structure 8. The table I l supports the work indicated at W, andthe superstructure I 5 supports a work-decorating mechanism proper,which is indicated generally at 20 and carried on a depending heavy armor bed 80 of the super-structure.

Work supporting mechanism The table, together with the work supportingmechanism is best shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5. As there shown, thetable has a generally planular top surface i l, which supports aworkholding fixture 2| in such manner that the fixture is free to swingin controlled directions, depending upon the shape of the work. Theworkholder ispreferably. positively driven for presenting variousportions of the work, successively to the tool. For illustrativepurposes only, the machine is shown as adapted for altering the surfacecharacteristics of a continuous or endless frame member, which is openat its central region, has substantially the same cross-sectionthroughout its extent and has curved corner portions 0 connecting theside and end members. 'Ihis work will be referred to as a frame. It maybe of wood or' any other material.

As shown in the drawings (see Fig. 2), the frame W has a continuousflange effect I which rests on an upstanding substantially continuousflange 22 on the workholder. The flange 22 may loosely embrace the mainbody portion of the frame below the flange effect I, in the event it isdesired to allow the work to float slightly on the holder. Any suitablearrangement tending to minimize friction between the workholder 2| andthe table may be used, such, for example, as inset steel balls (notshown) on the underside of the fixture. 1

workholder and driving means for it The work holder 2i is movedpositively or slid across the surface of the table II, in presenting thedifferent portions of the work to the tool. As indicated in Figs. 2 and5, particularly, the workholder is provided with a rack Iii, arranged tobe engaged by a sprocket wheel 3|, drivingly supported by a shaft 42,mounted in a frame bracket 33 on a portion of the framework Ill. Thedrive for the shaft 22 will later be described. The rack preferablycomprises a continuous roller chain, carried in an angular recess 24,formed in the inner wall of the workholder. Certain links 25 of theroller chain are provided with outwardly extending lugs 26 (see Fig. 5),which are secured to the workholder as by studs 11 to secure the chainin fixed position on the workholder.

The work carried by the workholder is maintalned in cooperativerelationship with the surfacing unit 20, by a pair of rollers 38 and 44,positioned respectively inside and outside of the workholder and bearingthereon. The roller 32 is supported on the upper end of the shaft 32,beyond the sprocket II, and the roller 4! is carried on a spindle 4!, ona bracket 42, attached to the frame II.

The bracket 42, which supports the roller 44, is movable to permit theworkholder to be readily replaced, as well as to permit adjustment ofthe pressure of the rollers on the workholder. As indicated in Fig. 2,the bracket 42 is slidable in a guideway 44 on a bracket member 44 ofthe frame ii. The outermost end of the bracket 42 has a groove 48,engaged by an annular flange 41 of an adjusting screw 48 threaded intothe bracket member for adjustment toward and away from the roller 28.

The sprocket 2| is positively driven to progress the work. To this endthe shaft 22 to which the sprocket 2! is secured, is provided with abevelled gear 54, below the bracket 23. The bevel gear is in constantmesh, (see Fig. 7) with an-' other bevel gear 201, drivingly secured toa driving member 294 loose on a horizontal shaft 242. The shaft 242 maybe journalled in any suitable brackets beneath the table. For example,one end of the shaft may be carried by a depending portion 265 of thebracket 33, as shown in Fig. 7. The member 294 is one member of a jawclutch, the other member 292 of which is splined to the shaft 242 toenable the shaft to drive the bevel gearing.

The shaft 242 (Figs. 1 and '1), has a sprocket 2 adapted to be coupledtherewith by another jaw clutch including parts 242, 242 and 244. Thesprocket is connected by a drive chain 240, with the driving shaft 59 ofa speed reduction gear unit 64. The driven shaft 6| of said unit isdrlvingly connected, as by a belt 82, with a pulley 63, carried by thearmature shaft '4 of a motor M, on the lower cross-framings part ofwhich is shown at It. The manner of controlling the clutches will bedescribed later.

workholder (continued) Referring now to Fig. 4, illustrating a plan viewof the table and workholder, it will be noted that as the sprocket 3iprogresses the workholder, the latter will swing or rock about the axisof the sprocket and that, when the sprocket passes from one relativelystraight internal surface of the workholder to another such surface.those portions of the workholder remote from the sprocket will travelfaster than when the workholder progresses substantially in a straightline.

At times, i i-ring the change in the rate of travel, the workholder isapt to leave the surface of the table II. Since this would cause thetool to form a relatively distorted surface on the work, and tend todamage various parts of the progressing mechanism, there is provided amechanism to coact with the workholder and maintain it in contact withthe table II. For this purpose a flexible belt 45 is secured to a post42 at the right-hand end of the table II, Fig. 4. The belt wrapspartially about and frictionally engages the external surface orsurfaces of the workholder parallel to the table, and passes forwardlyfrom the workholder around a pulley I8, journalled on a stud 81, carriedby the table and thence rearwardly to a spring 6|, which is adjustablysecured to the table by a block 0. This arrangement, due to thefrictional engagement between the belt and the surface of theworkholder, and the constant pressure of the belt on the workholdercauses the workholder to progress smoothly and evenly.

To retard the movement of the workholder, as a surface thereof swingsinto a position parallel with the foremost edge of the table II, and tomaintain such workholder surface substantially parallel with the frontedge of the table (except during such time as the workholder is swingingaround the axis of the shaft 32 to enable a surfacing or formingoperation to be eflfected on the corner portions of the work), the tableis provided with an abutment 14. As shown in Fig. 4, the abutment l0comprises an elongated block, preferably of wood, which is pivotallymounted at its extreme left-hand end on a stud Ii, carried by the table,and its right-hand end abuts a resilient cushion, such, as for instance,a rubber block 12.

In the event it is desired to start operation on the individualworkpieces in identical respective positions, this may be effected bymeans of the positioning mechanism shown on Figs. 1 and 4. In thesefigures there is shown a crank I16 secured to a shaft I11, suitablyjoumalled on the frame or beneath the table ii. On its inner end, theshaft ili carries a sprocket wheel I'll. At the left of the sprocketIll, Fig. 1 is another sprocket I", and a chain 2" passes about thesprockets, so that the upper stretch of the chain is parallel with thetable and directly beneath it, in line with a slot 2" in the table. Thechain has a lug 2, projecting upwardly through the slot, in position toengage the end of the workholder and progress it, together with thework, toward the right, Fig. 4, as from the broken line position W! tothe position W4. In the latter position, the lug is arrested by a stop2" adjustably positioned on the table Ii, as by a bolt 2i i. Themovement of the workholder, as driven by the sprocket 3|, returns thechain lug to initial position at the left-hand end of the slot 248, atwhich position it retracts into the slot to get out of the way of theworkholder.

Surfacing unit mounting The unit overhangs the table I I, and is somounted as to permit it to be adjusted relative to the table II in avariety of ways, so that the different surface portions of the work maybe presented to the tool or tools and so that the tools may approach thework at various desired angles. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the unit 20is guided for raising and lowering movement on the arm 90. This, inturn, is mounted on a hollow shaft 255, carried by a bracket 256, ahollow depending portion 254 of which is mounted for rotationaladjustment in telescoping relation to an upper reduced tubular endportion 253 of the column I4. The arm 30, is arranged to rock about theaxis of the horizontally extending hollow shaft 255, which may besecured in angularly adjusted position relative thereto by a clampingarrangement, the clamping bolt of which is shown at the top in Fig. 1,at 251. The clamping arrangement also permits the entire surfacingmechanism to be moved toward and away from the column I4.

The surfacing unit is also swingable about the column, by reason of thetelescoping connection between the bracket portion 254 and columnportion 253. As shown, the lower end of the hollow portion 254 of thebracket rests on an antifriction bearing 254a, supported by therelatively enlarged portion of the column, so that the unit may beeasily swung. When swung as aforesaid, into the properly adjustedposition, the unitsupporting arm members may be looked, as by a setscrew 254!) on the bracket portion 254, the inner end of which seats inan annular channel in the reduced portion 253 of the column I4.

The tool-supporting unit 20, mounted as stated above on the arm 90, maybe moved toward and away from the table II in a direction tangential tothe hollow shaft 255, thus permitting the unit to be moved substantiallyuniversally relative to the table, whereby workpieces of various sizesand shapes may be operated upon conveniently, and also to permit theunit to be adjusted relative to the work .to vary the depth of cut,angle of approach, etc.

Surfacing um't (tool head) I The tool supporting unit 20 is mounted on aframe I20, which relatively underhangs the supporting arm 90, in theadjusted position of it shown in Fig. 2, and in that position may slideup and down on the arm, there being as shown,

a plurality of sets of rollers I2I and I22, one set engaging the topsurface of spaced paired gibs I24, and the other engaging the bottomsurfaces of said gibs. The gibs extend inwardly from the opposite sidesof the arm member 90, as shown particularly in Fig. 6.

The mechanism forming the unit 20 may be adjusted up and down the arm 90manually as by a rack and gear, as shown in our prior application108,698. However, as shown in all modifications hereof, the unit 20 isarranged to be moved automatically toward and away from the work. Forinstance, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the framework 20 is reciprocated bythe cam 212 carried on a gear wheel 3I0 which is supported on a shaft 2'journalled in the arm 90 on appropriate brackets, The cam has a continuous groove or channel 213 in which restsa follower roller 214 andthe roller is connected to the frame I20. The drive for the cam gear anddetails of the cam mechanism will be described later.

Referring further to Flgs. 2 and 6, particularly the former, the frameI20 fitfifdsoutwafdly beyond the arm 90 and in spaced relation to itsunderside, intermediately of the gibs I24, to provide room for a drivingmechanism, to be presently described. An end portion I30 of the frameI20 is offset in an upward direction and has fixed thereto a two armedtool-supporting frame or bracket (shown as made in two sections, I3I andI32). In the two arms of the bracket is journalled a shaft I34. Thisserves to guide and support a tool, which, in the form shown, comprisesa continuous strip of flexible material I35 having an abrasive or othersuitable working surface. A cooperating rotary guide I36 having a formsimilar to that of I34 is carried in a twoarmed bracket I31, adjustablymounted so as variably to tension the belt. The bracket I31 is pivotedto a shaft I36, secured in the members I3I and I32 in a manner similarto the support for the shaft I34. Tension adjustment on the belt may bemaintained by a set screw I39, in the member I32. The screw may operatein a suitable slot (not shown) concentric with the pivot shaft I38.

The character of the guides I34 and I36 varies in accordance with thework. As shown, the central restricted portion of the guide I34 conformsgenerally to the surface contour of the work W, so as to carry theabrasive surface of the belt I35 uniformly into engagement with theentire region of the work upon which it is desired to operate. As shown,this is the upper and inner surface of the frame member W, constitutingthe work.

The particular form of the machine shown in Fig. 2, differs from thoseshown in Figs. 8 and 9 principally in that the tool is driven by thesame source of power as operates the'workholder, or at least it isarranged to be so driven. Driving connections leading to the clutchshaft 242, which operates the workholder will now be described.

Surfacing unit drive The upper end of the abrasive belt driving shaftI33 has a gear 88 fixed thereto, meshing with an idler gear 81 on theframe member I30.

splined to the shaft and is maintained constantlyv in position withreference to the arm 90, by the bearing bracket I53, which embraces thehub of the gear 264 at a peripheral groove in said hub. The gear 264 isin constant mesh with a bevel gear 264a on a transversely extendingshaft 263, journalled partly in the bracket I 53 and partly in a sidewall portion of the arm 90. It will be seen that the surfacing unit canbe moved up and down on the guides of the arm 90, without disturbing thedriving relationship between the tool-supporting shaft or roller I34 andthe shaft 263.

Referring again to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the right hand end ofthe horizontal drive shaft 242, beneath the table, is connected by bevelgears I with a vertical shaft 252 supported in appropriate bearings inthe column I4; and that the shaft 252 is connected by bevel gearing 259with a horizontal shaft 222, passing centrally through the relativelyadjustable superstructure arms 2" and 226. The shaft 222 is supported atone end in the arm portion 222 in a fixed manner and siidably in anouter portion of the arm member 22, so that the tubular portion 2" ofsaid arm can be adjusted back and forth with respect to the arm 2 of thesuperstructure. The outer end of the shaft 222 is splined to a gear 222,on bracket portions of the arm 22, as will be obvious from Fig. 1. Thisgear 262 as shown in Fig. 6 (broken lines), meshes constantly with aspur gear 2" carried on a shaft 2", journalled in the arm SI. Gear 222meshes with a spur gear 242, fast on the shaft 262, which as alreadydescribed, drives the bevel gear 224a of the belt driving gearing.

Attachment of the gear 222 to the shaft 2" is through the medium of aconventional conical clamp at the outer end of the shaft. The hub 222 ofa hand wheel 22! is secured to the outer end of the shaft at a squaredend portion 222 of the shaft; and tightening or loosening of the coneclamp is effected by an end nut 222 beyond the squared end. This permitsan operator to turn the shaft 2 independently of the gearing 262, 242,etc., thereby to reciprocate the tool head on the guides of thesupporting arm 24.

The cam driving gear wheel 2|! is driven at relatively low speed by asystem of gearing shown on Fig. 6, including a gear wheel 222 meshingwith 2", and other gears 22!, 202, and 221, the former being fast on themanually adjustable shaft 22!. Gears 2", 221 and 222 are loose on theirrespective supports.

When the cone connection between shaft 241 and the gear 2 is tight thenthe tool head or carriage 24 is reciprocated, the abrasive belt i2! isproperly driven-likewise the workholder 2l-all automatically, by-power,and in proper timed relationship. The abrasive belt I2! is driven at thedesired speed for abrading or cutting the work W, as in performing afinishing or rough cut operation on it due to the relative speedincrease by gears 48 to 22. The gear relationships are such that afterthe cutting operation has continued throughout the entire length of aworkpiece on the workholder, the tool-head will then be raised by thecam.

It is desirable that the abrasive belt be held yieldinglyagainst thework, and the preferred arrangement for effecting this is illustratedparticularly in Figs. 2 and 3. The yielding connection includes twotelescopically arranged members 215 and 216 which support the camfollower 214. The member 212 is secured to the frame I and has a pin andslot connection 212, with the member 215. Interposed between the members215 and 216 is a compression spring 219. This spring is arranged in sucha manner that when the cam rotates to move the decorating unit towardthe work, the force is applied through the spring. However, when the camacts to withdraw the decorating unit from the work, it acts positivelythrough the pin and slot connection between the members 215 and 212.

Automatic work drive Referring further to Figs. 1, 2 and '7, we have soarranged the machine that as the surfacing unit approaches the workunder the influence of the cam 212, power is automatically applied tothe sprocket 2| of the work table, to advance the work. The arrangementis such that the sprocket 2| is rotated slightly before the abrasivebelt supported on the unit 22 strikes the work, thus insuringprogressive operation of the tool on the work at the very start.

As the tool head approaches the work, the bracket member I22 (lowermostportion of tool head) strikes the head 22! of a plunger 286, which isslidably mounted in the hollow shaft 32, which drives the workholder.Continued downward movement of the tool-head, causes the plunger 224 torock a lever 221, Fig. 7, about its pivot shaft 242, which is supportedin any convenient manner on the lower framework of the machine. A lever22! pivoted loosely on said shaft 222, and which is operated by a spring220, coacts with an annular groove or recess 222, formed in the clutchmember 222, which is splined to the horizontal drive shaft 242, asalready described. The

downward movement of the'rod 282 causes the clutch member 222 to engageclutch teeth on the member 224, which is rigid with the bevelled gear261 of the workholder drive, thereby initiating the rotation of theworkholder drive sprocket 2|. A spring 285 (see Figs. 1 and '7) servesnormally to maintain the clutch members 252 and 294 disengaged (throughappropriate abutments between the two levers), and to return the partsto their normal positions consequent upon movement of the unit 22 awayfrom the work under the influence of the cam 212.

It will be seen that whenever the clutch members 292 and 224 areengaged, the tool head reciprocating cam, the tool driving gearingleading to the belt guides I24 and I22, and the workprogressingmechanism are all intertied, and operate in proper timed relationship.The clutch members 24! and 242 (Fig. 7), simply couple this intertiedgearing mechanism with the power drive, through the sprocket chain 240.

As illustrated in Fig. 7. connection and disconnection of the source ofpower with the shaft 242 is under the control of a pedal-operated lever222, having an upstanding arm 24! engaging the clutch member 242 at'thegroove 244 thereof. The lever 222 is normally held by a spring 252 inposition to cause engagement of the clutch members 2 and 242. Anoperating link 248 extends downwardly to a suitable treadle 249, on thebase plate I (Fig. 1) so that the operator can render the machine idleat any time by disconnecting the motor from the horizontal drive shaft242. The abrasive belt remains in operating relation to the work untilthe operator releases the treadle.

Modification Figure 8 In connection with this modification, the drivingmechanism for the workholder and the toolhead reciprocating cam, isessentially the same as previously described. The parts are similarlynumbered. The main framework of the carriage l2l|a is modified to theextent that this has parallel spaced side (or top and bottom) portionswhich carry between them a supporting shaft 255 for an electric motor252a positioned between the two sides of the frame. The motor 255a has abelt drive 258, to a pulley effect on one end of the supporting rollerl26a for a flexible abrasive belt 252. The other guide roller, l24a, issupported in a manner similar to that previously described for themember I24 (Fig. 2) but is not positively driven. A two-armed bracketi2la supports the drive shaft for the guide l26a of the belt. .A bracketl2la is adjustably carried on a portion "In of the tool head frame forsupporting the lower guide 411 for the belt.

The arrangement shown enables the flexible abrasive belt to be used foroperation at any desired speed, depending upon the speed control of themotor. An abrasive or other compound may be contained in a reservoirhaving an outlet pipe 358 positioned with its discharge orifice inassociation with the active surface of the belt, there being a manualcontrol valve 359 for releasing and blocking the compound.

Modification Figure 9 In this arrangement a diflerent type of tool isshown, enabling considerable simplification of the tool-head. Thismechanism is also adapted to be utilized, not only for peripheralsurface contour changes, but also cross-sectional contour changes. Theperipheral surface contour may be determined by the contour of theworkholder which guides the work, relative to the decorating unit, whilethe cross-sectional contour may be controlled by the shape of theworking tool. A cutting tool 400 is shown as carried by the frame [20bof the tool carriage, which is modified principally to the extent ofleaving off the arrangement for supporting an upper belt-guiding roller.In other words, the same arrangement as shown in Fig. 2 or 9 may beused, and the supports for the tool 400 put on in place of the beltguides or supports previously described. An electric motor 402 is shownas connected to the cutting tool by a driving belt 403, which reachesaround opposite sides of a U-shaped bracket 405, the arms of which carrysuitable anti-friction bearings 406 for the shaft which supports thetool 400. Other portions of the mechanism are as shown either in Fig. 2or 8.

We claim:

1. In a work surfacing machine, a frame having a work table, an arm onthe frame projecting over the table, said arm having a portion dependingtoward the table, a carriage guided for reciprocating movement on saiddepending portion, means to raise and lower the carriage, a tool adaptedto cut work on the table with a rotary motion and power means on thecarriage independent of said means for driving the tool.

2. Mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the tool comprises a toothedmetallic cutter having an antifrictional support on the carriage, andthe power means comprises a motor mounted on the carriage above thecutter and drivingly connected therewith.

3- In a work cutting machine, a work supporting surface, apower-operated mechanism to advance the work, a work cutting mechanismadapted and arranged to remove portions of the work as the work isadvanced, an independent driving means to operate said cuttingmechanism, said cutting mechanism and the driving means therefor beingmounted for movement toward and from the work, and means to initiate theadvance of the work automatically consequent upon the movement of thecutting mechanism toward the work.

4. In a work cutting machine, a work sup porting surface, power-operatedmechanism to advance the work, a work cutting mechanism adapted andarranged to remove portions of the work as the work is advanced, anindependent driving means to operate said cutting mechanism, saidcutting mechanism and the driying means therefor being mounted formovement toward and from the work, and means to stop the work advancingmeans automatically consequent upon the movement of the cuttingmechanism from the work. I

5. In a. work cutting machine for cutting the surface of work pieces ofeachof which has at least two surfaces joined by a curvilinear surface,comprising a planular supporting surface for the work, a comparativelystraight surfaced elongated abutment pivoted at one end to saidsupporting surface and resiliently supported at the other end formovement in a plane parallel with the work supporting surface, meansacting on the work to retain it in contact with said abutment,power-operated means to advance the work by advancing one straightsurface thereof along said abutment and swinging the other straightsurface into contact with said abutment while maintaining constantcontact between said abutment and at least one point of the work, and awork cutting mechanism arranged and adapted to remove portions of thework as it, progresses along said abutment and power operated meansindependent of the work advancing means to operate the cuttingmechanism.

LLOYD V. CASTO.

GUIDO VON WEBERN.

ORVIILE DOERING KING.

EDWARD WILLIAM HAMANT.

